Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy: A Snapshot of the State-of-the-Art in 2020

Publication

Author: Curran Kalha, Nathalie K Fernando, Prajna Bhatt, Fredrik Johansson, Andreas Linblad, Håkan Rensmo, León Zendejas Mendina, Rebecka Lindblad, Sebastian Siol, Lars Jeurgens, Claudia Cancellieri, Kai Rossnagel, Katerina Medjanik, Gerd Schoenhense, Marc Simon, alex Gray, Slavomir Nemsak, Patrick Lömker, Christof Schlueter, Anna Regoutz Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
URL: https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/abeacd
Date: 2021 Instruments: EW4000, HiPP-2, HAXPES Lab, NanoESCA, Materials Innovation Platform (MIP)

Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) is establishing itself as an essential technique for the characterisation of materials. The number of specialised photoelectron spectroscopy techniques making use of hard X-rays is steadily increasing and ever more complex experimental designs enable truly transformative insights into the chemical, electronic, magnetic, and structural nature of materials. This paper begins with a short historic perspective of HAXPES and spans from developments in the early days of photoelectron spectroscopy to provide an understanding of the origin and initial development of the technique to state-of-the-art instrumentation and experimental capabilities. The main motivation for and focus of this paper is to provide a picture of the technique in 2020, including a detailed overview of available experimental systems worldwide and insights into a range of specific measurement modi and approaches. We also aim to provide a glimpse into the future of the technique including possible developments and opportunities.

Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy: A Snapshot of the State-of-the-Art in 2020

Publication

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